Low-pressure steam-turbine.



J. F. M. PATITZ'. LOW PRESSUBE'STEAM TURBINE,

APPLIOATION FILED MAR.1, 1909.

Patented June 7, 1910.

YINVENTURQ ATTORNEY;

1 WITNESSES dzzz /gzww earners entries.

il'OHAN'N F. M. P ATITZ, OF MIITWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CHALMERS CQMPANY, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

LOW-PRESSURE STEAll/LTURBINT Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June '2, 1%)10.

I Application filed March 1, 1909. Serial No. 489,527.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jonnxn FRIEDRICH MAX Pa'rrrz, a: citizen or the United States,

vented a certain new and useful Improve;

ment in Low-Pressure Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specif cation.

This invention relates to the construction of turbines using low pressure steam or gas, usually the exhaust of some other engine, as a motive 'fluid.-

The object of the invention is to provide a means of adding live steam or high pres sure gas to the low pressure steam, in case the supply of the latter should be insutticient to drive the turbine,-at a pressure equal to that of the low pressure steam, and accomplish this without throttling and without having an idle wheel during normal running. This is done by admitting the high pressure steam to an auxiliary or first wheel and expanding it therein to the pressure of the low pressure steam, at the same time utilizing the work given'up by the live steam in driving the turbine shaft.

A clear conception of the invention can be obtained by referring to the accompanying drawings in which like reference char-' acters designate the same parts in difierent views.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a velocity or action type of turbine. Fig. 2 is a similar View of a pressure or reaction type of turbine with balancing means at the exhaust end. Fi 3 is a similar 'view of a reactiontype ot turbine with balancing means at the inlet end. Fig. 4 is a section on the line'IV, IV, Figs. 1 and 2, taken in the direction of the arrows. Fig.- 5 is a {ragrhenta'l circumferential development in section of the nozzle walls about the first wheel, the wheel being shown developed but not in section.

The turbine shaft 12, see Fig. 1, is carried in the bearings 15, 16, located in th 'e carriage 13, and supports the wheels 18 keyed thereon which in turn support the blades 6. The casing 13 has par'titionspr walls which divide it into a number of separate chambers. The port 1 opening into the cham er 2, connects with an admission pipe for low pressure steam. The. port 7, opening into the chamber 8, connects with an ad- 'ing of nozzle 9.

mission pipe for high pressure or live steam. The high and low pressure steam chambers 8, 2, are separated from each other by the radial walls 23, see Fig. 4.

The straight nozzles .3 leading from the low pressure steam chamber 2, are directed toward the blades 1 of an auxiliary or first Wheel 11, which is also supported by the shaft 12 and keyed thereon. The expanding I nozzles 9 leading from the high pressure chamber 8, are also directed toward the blades 4 of the first wheel 11. On the side of the first wheelll, just opposite the expending njozzl'es 9, are located return pas-- sages 10., see F 1, '5, the inlet of which is located directly opposite the outlet open- This return passage 10 directs its inlet and outlet toward the wheels at the same angle convenient for receiving steam discharged from the wheel from nozzle 9. Directly opposite the inlet of return passage 10 and on the same side of the wheel 11 as the nozzles 9 there is located the inlet of a second return passage 40 for again di-- rooting the steam "to the wheel.

The chamber 5 in which is located the wheel 11, receives the steam delivered from said wheel. In the action turbine,'Fig. 1, the wall 17 is the'first 'of a series of nozzle walls for the remaining turbine wheels '18, and has the nozzles 19 opening 1 3601111118 chamber 5 to the moving blades 6 of the first of the wheels 18. The opening 14 serves as :the turbine exhaust.

The construction shown in Fig. 2 differs from that shown in Fig.--1,only in the type of main turbine. The blades 20am offthe reactiontype and the nozzles 19 shown in Eig. 1 are replaced'in Fig. 2 by the stationary blades21. The reaction turbine of Fig. 2 has its balancing means 22 at the exhaust. end of the turbine.

The construction shown in Fi 3'is similar to that shown in F 1g. 2, dideringonl'y in having the balancing -Inea'ns 22 at the high pressure end instead of at the exhaust end of the turbine.

The operation of the three types of turbines, see Figs. 1, 2, 3, is alike in all respects.

' The low pressure steam enters the chamber 2 through openin 1 and passes through the nozzles 8,- being directed against the blades 4 of the first Wheel. The high pressure steam enters the chamber 8 through opening pended live steam and low T and passes ihrough the expanling we 9 info Wheel 11. Upon leaving Wheel ll steam is reclireetecl against he bl? means of the return passages 1G losesits Velocity derived in the exp nozzle 9 at the expense of its lzig being delivered from Wneel sulne pressure as the low pressure livered therefrom. Both the pressm'e steam entering the Wheel 11 ehrough 110;;- zles 3, and the steam leaving nozzles 40, are exhausted from the blades lnlo the el1mnher 5. From chamber 5 the mixtuseof e1;-

PTQES'LHE steam pro oer, fiz'xally is admitted to the turbine being exhausted jtln'ougl'i opening 1-}.

It is evident that by the expansion 2 01 Lll' live steam by 'thls griet-lmcl nemly all of e the energy translated in the expansion may be utilized, on the firshwheel 11, while during normal action with only low pressure steam supplied, the Wheel 11 is not running but is receiving low pressure stemn as below. It should be understood that it is not clesired to be limited to the e; act details of construction shown and wiescribed, for ob" will ocean to a person and (:Lallifid to secure by 5. p. "ore turbine, a Wheel, l-zenslann high pressure gas to .b gas or lugh veloelty, means sale!w 11131: veloelty gas'sueoeswheel for frectlonelly 1mpartg other low gas to said Wheel. a low pfeesm'e tnrblne, 21 Wheel, a mg nozzle fez-"translatmg hlgh pres- J. F, M. PATITZ.

Wltnesses 1:1. {1, Unse, G 1, DE MEN.

easy to selcl \"vl'leel, and means (li- :1 oiree'tme'said hl hveloclty gas- 

